BRICS TOPICS

Focus areas

  • Global Governance
  • International Security & Stability
  • Trade & Economic Cooperation
  • Enhancement of International Financial and Monetary Systems
  • Business and Investment
  • Just Development
  • Environmental Protection
  • Science, High Technology and Innovation
  • Education
  • Healthcare Cooperation

Trump Set to Reshape Africa Policy

During his second White House term, Trump’s governing style remains characteristically assertive, launching a full-scale offensive from day one. Domestically, he’s pushing for sweeping government reforms. On the international stage, he’s swiftly announcing withdrawals from numerous international organisations and aggressively deploying foreign policy moves, seeking to reshape the landscape of American influence globally.

China’s growth and poverty reduction strategies – lessons for South Africa. By Thobile Jiwulane

Among the original five founding members of BRICS, South Africa has long been viewed by some as the weakest link in the chain binding developing countries’ block.There’s a reason for this: despite being the largest economy in Africa, South Africa’s economic growth is not keeping pace with that of other BRICS member states that joined the multilateral economic forum prior to it.

ADDRESS BY PRESIDENT CYRIL RAMAPHOSA AT THE G20 FINANCE MINISTERS’ AND CENTRAL BANK GOVERNORS’ MEETING

Just under a week ago, G20 Foreign Ministers met in Johannesburg to share perspectives on the global geopolitical environment and outline the priorities and tasks of the G20 Sherpa Track for 2025.The meeting of foreign ministers reaffirmed the role of the G20 as the premier forum for international economic cooperation.It underscored the collective responsibility of the G20 for the effective stewardship of the global economy, fostering the conditions for sustainable, resilient and inclusive global growth, as a critical element of the broader multilateral system.This meeting today of the G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors will provide further substance and strategic direction in advancing this collective responsibility.

South Africa Hosts Historic First G20 Foreign Ministers Meeting

On 21 February 2025, South Africa chaired the First G20 Foreign Ministers Meeting under its G20 Presidency, marking the first such gathering on the African continent. The meeting, opened by President Cyril Ramaphosa, focused on global geopolitical challenges and South Africa’s G20 priorities, emphasizing Solidarity, Equality, and Sustainability. Key discussions included strengthening disaster resilience, ensuring debt sustainability for low-income countries, mobilizing finance for a Just Energy Transition, and harnessing critical minerals for inclusive growth. The meeting reaffirmed the G20’s role in international economic cooperation, the urgent need to accelerate the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the importance of conflict prevention and peacebuilding. Geopolitical tensions, including conflicts in Ukraine, Palestine, Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, were addressed, with a call for adherence to international law. The meeting also stressed the need for UN and global governance reforms, ensuring Africa’s voice is elevated in international decision-making. South Africa proposed a roadmap for reviewing the G20’s first full cycle of presidencies, with the final report set for adoption in November 2025. The meeting also expressed support for upcoming global summits, including the Fourth Financing for Development (FFD4) Conference in Seville and COP30 in Brazil. This milestone meeting set the stage for a year of inclusive dialogue and action, with South Africa leading efforts to reshape global governance and economic cooperation.

Is U.S. Isolationism Paving the Way for a China-Led World Order? By Dr. Jianlu Bi

Is U.S. Isolationism Paving the Way for a China-Led World Order? Washington's Strategic Retreat – China's Global Advance? U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio's refusal to attend the G20 Foreign Ministers' meeting in South Africa, citing concerns over the Expropriation Bill, has reignited concerns about U.S. isolationism and its implications for global leadership. As Washington increasingly pursues a unilateral foreign policy, disengaging from international agreements like the Paris Accord and WHO, it risks alienating allies and diminishing its global influence. Meanwhile, China is seizing the moment and presenting a compelling vision of multilateral cooperation through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the Global Development Initiative, and expanded South-South Cooperation. With Beijing actively engaging in global economic connectivity, infrastructure investment, and climate diplomacy, is the world shifting toward a China-led global order? As the U.S. continues its selective engagement, countries—including EU powers, BRICS nations, and the Global South—are exploring alternative alliances beyond Washington's sphere. The recent G20 meeting in South Africa proceeded without the U.S., underscoring a new global reality: multilateralism is evolving, with or without Washington. In a world where sovereign equality and inclusive development are increasingly valued, does America's isolationist approach risk ceding influence to China's vision of shared prosperity? Is this the dawn of a new global power shift? Keywords: U.S. Isolationism, China-Led World Order, Global South, BRICS, Belt and Road Initiative, Multilateralism, G20, South-South Cooperation, Sovereign Equality, Expropriation Bill, Strategic Autonomy, Economic Connectivity, U.S.-China Relations.

The Future of the African Space Agency (AFSA): Advancing the Africa We Want

The African Space Agency (AfSA) was established in 2018 as a specialized organ of the African Union to drive Africa’s space ambitions. Headquartered in Cairo, Egypt, AfSA focuses on developing a competitive and user-focused African space program that supports economic, environmental, and social development. The agency plays a critical role in intra-African and global collaboration in space science, technology, and innovation. Read about The African Space Agency and the opportunities available below.

South Africa’s G20 Presidency: A Turning Point for Africa’s Global Influence

At the 46th Ordinary Session of the African Union Executive Council, South Africa’s Minister of International Relations , Ronald Lamola, highlighted Africa’s rising global influence and the continent’s economic growth projections of 4.3% in 2025. A key focus was South Africa’s historic G20 Presidency, which began on December 1, 2024—the first time an African nation has led the influential bloc. Minister Lamola emphasized South Africa’s commitment to championing Africa’s interests within the G20, aligning its presidency with the African Union’s Agenda 2063 and the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals. Read his full speech below.

Moscow Kremlin Museums’ International Projects to Receive BRICS Media Support

The Moscow Kremlin Museums' global exhibitions will gain media visibility across the BRICS space, thanks to a new partnership with TV BRICS. Elena Gagarina, General Director of the Moscow Kremlin Museums, and Ivan Polyakov, Chairman of TV BRICS International Media Network, formalized the agreement during a ceremony in the Patriarchal Chambers. A key collaboration will be the April 2025 exhibition "Exquisite Meal. The History of Food in Ancient China," featuring the National Museum of China’s collection in Russia for the first time. As an official event of the Russia-China Years of Culture (2024-2025), TV BRICS will provide international media coverage. Elena Gagarina highlighted the partnership’s role in expanding the museum’s reach across BRICS and beyond, while Ivan Polyakov reaffirmed TV BRICS' commitment to promoting cultural diplomacy through its multilingual network and over 80 media partnerships. Currently, the Moscow Kremlin Museums are hosting notable exhibitions, including "The Legacy of Peter the Great and Coups d'État in the Russian Empire" and "Temple of Minerva. 270th Anniversary of Moscow University." Meanwhile, Beijing’s National Museum of China features "Russian Feast – Traditional Food, Drinks and the Art of Table Setting." This partnership strengthens BRICS cultural ties, amplifying historical and artistic heritage on a global scale. Read the full article by TV BRICS.

An Inspiring Transition

Xinjiang has undergone significant changes in recent years. Government efforts to create a peaceful environment are visibly yielding results. Once rife with conflict, the region now enjoys stability and growth. A sense of calm and safety is evident on its streets, which are now brimming with commerce and culture.

Tales That Travel

The International Astronomical Union named a small crater on the Moon after the Moroccan explorer Ibn Battouta in 1976. The crater, located on the Moon’s visible side, is called the Ibn Battouta crater. Ibn Battouta is regarded as one of the four great medieval travellers. Born in Tangier, he spent nearly 30 years exploring over 30 countries across Africa, Europe, and Asia, including China, covering approximately 120,000 km. In 1355, he documented his travels in a work known as The Rihla. This account has attracted significant academic interest due to its rich details about diverse cultures.

Batteries Receive a Second Life

New stationary power storage cabinets have been set up beside the parking lots of the Green Eco Manufacture (GEM) Industrial Park in Wuhan, Hubei Province, to charge electric vehicles (EVs). Each cabinet contains five modules of used traction batteries that can be used for eight to 10 years before they need to be replaced. These traction batteries are full of precious metals like lithium, cobalt and nickel. They’re what is often called the “power core” of EVs. Using these batteries again contributes to recycling resources and supports the growth of the EV industry. China recycled 825,000 tonnes of batteries in 2023, according to the Development Report of China New Energy Battery Recycling Industry (2024) published by the China Industrial Energy Conservation and Cleaner Production Association on 20 November last year.

Running for Road Safety

On a sunny December day in Addis Ababa, the Ethiopian capital, amateur runners and professional athletes eagerly took part in the 2024 China-Ethiopia Friendship Relay Race. The event aimed to bolster bilateral relations, raise road safety awareness, and encourage healthy lifestyles. The race was sponsored by the Chinese construction giant China Communications Construction Co. Ltd. (CCCC), in collaboration with local partners. The competition, held on 15 December 2024, featured a 12-km course for elite athletes and a six-km route for amateurs, both held on the newly built KK&KT Expressway in eastern Addis Ababa.

Bamboo’s Bountiful Benefits

In central Uganda’s Nakasongola District, 117 km from the capital, Kampala, a new era of sustainable bamboo farming is on the go. China, a global leader in bamboo production, has partnered with the Ugandan government to promote bamboo farming in that area and the country at large. Bamboo farming, launched over a decade ago, has attracted a sizeable number of farmers throughout the country.

Delivering Care

Gertrude Nyathi walks calmly into Zimbabwe’s Mahusekwa Hospital for antenatal care in Mashonaland, where she is expected to give birth in the next five months. In a country where medical facilities are obsolete, patients flock to seek medical care at the Chinese-aided hospital, seen by many as a game changer in Marondera district. “Before this hospital was built, pregnant women had to travel long distances to go to Harare for antenatal services and some even gave birth on the way. The Mahusekwa Hospital has brought great relief to locals,” Nyathi told ChinAfrica.

Rising to the Occasion

African leaders will gather again in Addis Ababa, the Ethiopian capital, for the 2025 African Union (AU) Summit on 17-18 February. This time it’s different, though. The meeting is taking place amid a different geopolitical context, and challenging socio-economic and security conditions on the continent. Africa remains the poorest continent globally, with extreme poverty rates exceeding 30 percent in 23 of the world’s 28 poorest countries. According to the National Bureau of Economic Research, a US private non-profit research organisation, approximately half of the population in Africa lives below the poverty line. Notably, per-capita GDP in Sub-Saharan Africa is now less than it was in 1974, having declined by over 11 percent since then.

Protecting Our Land

The 16th sessions of the Conference of the Parties (COP16) to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) concluded in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, on 14 December 2024. Centred around the theme Our Land Our Future, the conference adopted 39 resolutions addressing drought response, scientific innovation, dust storms, and future budgeting after 13 days of deliberations. These efforts have set a new blueprint for combating desertification and land degradation worldwide, opening a fresh chapter in global cooperation.

Broadcasts That Build Bridges

With its extraordinary music performance and thrilling competition, the Singer 2024 TV programme won the hearts of audiences in Ghana, shortly after the nine-episode singing competition on Hunan Satellite TV gained widespread attention in China. Besides Singer 2024, audiences in Ghana now have access to a variety of high-quality Chinese programmes on satellite TV offered by the Golden Mango TV (GMTV) channel.

Ethiopia’s Foreign Minister Calls for Stronger African Unity at AU Executive Council Meeting

Addis Ababa, 12 February 2025 – Ethiopia’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, H.E. Dr. Gedion Timothewos, delivered opening remarks at the 46th Ordinary Session of the Executive Council of the African Union, emphasizing the need for multilateral cooperation, peace, and economic reform in Africa. Dr. Timothewos highlighted the growing global challenges that threaten multilateralism, including climate change, conflicts, and geopolitical rivalries. He stressed that Africa must strengthen institutions like the African Union and the United Nations to tackle these crises collectively. He also called for urgent reforms in global governance, including changes to the UN Security Council and a more inclusive international financial system that supports Africa’s development. He emphasized the importance of securing climate financing and technology access to combat environmental and economic challenges. A key point of his address was Africa’s commitment to the Agenda 2063 vision and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), which Ethiopia is actively supporting. He noted that Africa’s recent inclusion in the G20 presents an opportunity to influence global economic policies that impact the continent. Regarding security, Dr. Timothewos commended the African Union’s peacekeeping efforts and urged stronger mediation mechanisms to address ongoing conflicts. He reaffirmed Ethiopia’s dedication to fostering African solidarity and cooperation. Concluding his remarks, he welcomed delegates to Addis Ababa and expressed optimism about the discussions ahead, urging African nations to seize the opportunities of this era to shape a prosperous future for the continent.

Iran has become a global force to be reckoned with since the Islamic Revolution

Since the Islamic Revolution, Iran has positioned itself as a key player in global affairs. Iran's participation in multilateral platforms such as BRICS has reinforced its diplomatic and trade relationships, expanding its economic influence. Origins of the Islamic Revolution The revolution stemmed from political oppression, foreign dependency, and public dissatisfaction with Westernized values imposed by the Pahlavi regime. The leadership of Imam Khomeini (RA) played a decisive role in the transformation toward justice, independence, and Islamic sovereignty. Achievements in Political and Economic Independence Iran has significantly reduced foreign dependency by achieving self-sufficiency in defense, industrial production, and scientific advancement. With 90% of its defense equipment produced domestically, a thriving knowledge-based economy, and a healthcare system producing 97% of its pharmaceuticals, Iran has strengthened its internal power. Resistance Against Global Powers Western powers, particularly the U.S., have continuously attempted to undermine Iran’s sovereignty through sanctions, military interventions, and economic blockades. However, the resilience of the Iranian people and their democratic engagement—averaging one election per year—have upheld the revolution's principles. Social Justice and Development Efforts Post-revolution policies have prioritized social justice, including wealth redistribution, free education, rural electrification, and extensive healthcare programs. Initiatives such as the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation and the Mostazafan Foundation have supported underprivileged communities, orphans, and women-led households. Iran’s Foreign Policy and Regional Influence Iran’s independent foreign policy, based on resisting imperialism and fostering multilateral cooperation, has led to strategic alliances with China, Russia, and the EU. The country has played a vital role in regional crises and advocates for Palestinian rights, supporting efforts to end occupation and ensure justice. Iran-South Africa Relations Ties between Iran and South Africa are historically strong, dating back to Iran’s support for the anti-apartheid movement. Diplomatic and economic relations have grown, with 15 joint commission meetings resulting in over 80 agreements. Iran’s BRICS membership, backed by South Africa, further cements this partnership. Iran's BRICS Membership: A Strategic Move Joining BRICS provides Iran with economic benefits, including reducing reliance on Western financial systems, increasing trade, and expanding geopolitical influence. BRICS membership allows Iran to bypass sanctions, engage in infrastructure projects, and enhance technological collaborations. Iran’s sustained efforts in diplomacy, economic self-sufficiency, and regional influence solidify its position as a formidable global force in an evolving multipolar world. Iran's Ambassador to South Africa, Mansour Shakib Mehr, explains to BRICS Africa Channel the country's journey of achievements since the Islamic Revolution including its strong relations with South Africa. Pictured is Ambassador of IRAN Honorable Mansour Shakib Mehr. Read the full interview by Thobile Jiwulane.

Minister Gwede Mantashe’s Opening Remarks at Investing in African Mining Indaba 2025

Cape Town, 3 February 2025 – South Africa’s Minister of Mineral and Petroleum Resources, Gwede Mantashe, delivered opening remarks at the 31st Investing in African Mining Indaba, emphasizing the need to future-proof African mining and ensure that the continent’s rich mineral wealth benefits its people. Africa’s Mineral Wealth & Economic Growth Minister Mantashe highlighted South Africa’s vast mineral endowment, revealing that a recent study by Mintek confirms the continent's position as the world's richest mining jurisdiction, holding: 90% of the world’s chromium and platinum 40% of the world’s gold The largest reserves of cobalt, vanadium, manganese, and uranium Despite this, Africa remains economically disadvantaged. The Minister stressed the need for local beneficiation, urging African nations to process minerals domestically instead of exporting raw materials. Critical Minerals & Global Demand With the rising demand for lithium, rare earth minerals, and PGMs (platinum group metals) for global energy transitions, Mantashe warned against Africa following Western definitions of "critical minerals." Instead, South Africa’s upcoming Critical Minerals Strategy aims to prioritize local economic needs while supporting global industrial sectors beyond just green energy. Investment in Local Beneficiation While South Africa leads in manganese production (7.2 million metric tonnes in 2023), only 2% is processed locally. To address this, the government plans to: Encourage local investors to invest in beneficiation Ensure stable electricity supply for mining operations Introduce financial incentives to support local mineral processing Regulatory Reforms & Exploration To streamline mining operations, South Africa is: Clearing backlogs: 114 mining rights, 982 prospecting rights, and 385 permits were processed in 2024 Finalizing a new mining licensing system to improve efficiency and transparency Investing R67 million into small-scale mining projects, with a focus on black and female-owned businesses A New Era for African Mining With South Africa leading the G20 in 2025, Mantashe called on African leaders and investors to seize the opportunity to shape a prosperous, industrialized Africa. He reaffirmed the government’s commitment to safe mining practices, citing record-low mine fatalities. “Let us build the Africa we want,” he concluded. Read the Minister of Mineral and Petroleum in South Africa full speech below.

"Collaboration Eases Mining Constraints in 2024, but Challenges Remain". Minerals Council South Africa at Day 1 of Mining Indaba

South Africa’s mining industry saw some relief in 2024, but ongoing constraints hindered significant growth. Despite the positive impact of reduced load curtailment from March 2024, lower commodity prices and logistical bottlenecks limited the industry's recovery from 2023’s depressed levels. According to the Minerals Council South Africa’s Facts & Figures 2024 report, the mining sector: Contributed 6% to GDP in the first three quarters of 2024 (down from 6.3% in 2023). Accounted for 45% of South Africa’s merchandise exports, valued at around R800 billion. Contributed over R100 billion to the national fiscus through corporate taxes, VAT, and employee taxes. Provided direct employment to 471,882 people by Q3 2024, despite job losses in the platinum sector. Looking Ahead to 2025: The Minerals Council expects key developments, including the launch of an online mining cadastre system in June 2025, aimed at boosting exploration, and the release of a critical minerals strategy and an updated Minerals and Petroleum Resources Development Act (MPRDA). These reforms are expected to create a more investor-friendly regulatory environment. With South Africa set to host the G20 and B20 summits in late 2025, the mining sector sees an opportunity to showcase its mineral potential and its role in global economic and energy transitions. While progress is being made, reducing crime, corruption, and regulatory obstacles remains essential to unlocking the full potential of South Africa’s mining industry.

Deputy President Mashatile Inaugurates First Phase of BAPS Multi-Cultural Centre and Temple in Johannesburg

On January 30, 2025, Deputy President Shipokosa Paulus Mashatile officiated the opening of the first phase of the BAPS Multi-Cultural Centre and Temple, a landmark event that underscores South Africa’s commitment to diversity, inclusivity, and unity. During his address, Deputy President Mashatile emphasized the significance of this cultural and religious milestone, highlighting the temple as a beacon of faith and social cohesion. The event was graced by the presence of His Holiness Mahant Swami Maharaj, whose visit reinforced the global spiritual and cultural connections fostered by the BAPS community. “The inauguration of this centre is not just about architecture; it represents our collective values of human dignity, religious freedom, and unity in diversity,” said Mashatile. He praised the BAPS organization for its contributions to humanitarian service, social upliftment, and cultural preservation, noting that the temple will serve as a sanctuary of peace and learning for people from all backgrounds. The Deputy President acknowledged the thousands of volunteers whose dedication and service brought this vision to life, reflecting the spirit of Ubuntu—“I am because you are.” He also recognized the role of faith-based organizations in strengthening moral values and fostering social cohesion within South Africa. Mashatile commended the Hindu community for its contributions to nation-building, citing their principles of unity, harmony, and service to humanity. He urged continued collaboration in addressing societal challenges such as gender-based violence, substance abuse, and crime, affirming that government and religious institutions must work together to uphold peace and security. Expressing condolences for the fallen South African National Defence Force members in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mashatile called for prayers for peace and stability across the continent. Concluding his address, he expressed gratitude to His Holiness Mahant Swami Maharaj and the BAPS community for their efforts in creating a space that embodies hope, peace, and humanity. He urged the public to cherish and protect this temple for future generations as a symbol of South Africa’s rich cultural tapestry. The opening of the BAPS Multi-Cultural Centre and Temple stands as a testament to the nation’s ongoing journey towards unity and mutual respect, fostering a society where all cultures and faiths are celebrated. Read H.E Deputy President of South Africa Shipokosa Paulus Mashatile full speech below:

Mission 300 Energy Summit: Africa’s Leaders Unite to Transform the Energy Sector

Tomorrow, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, will host the Mission 300 Africa Energy Summit, bringing together African heads of state, business leaders, and development partners to address Africa's energy access challenges. The goal? To provide reliable, affordable, and sustainable electricity to 300 million Africans by 2030. This summit, held from January 27-28, 2025, marks an unprecedented collaboration between the African Development Bank, the World Bank Group, and global partners. With nearly 600 million Africans lacking electricity, this initiative aims to close the gap using innovative technology and financing. Key outcomes expected: The Dar es Salaam Energy Declaration: A roadmap of commitments from African governments to reform the energy sector. National Energy Compacts: Country-specific plans from 12 nations, including Chad, Nigeria, Senegal, and Tanzania, detailing targets and timelines for critical reforms. With over 1,000 participants—including private-sector leaders—the summit seeks to forge partnerships and catalyze progress toward universal energy access, unlocking development opportunities and creating jobs across the continent. Join the conversation on Twitter: #PoweringAfrica

Slithering Legends

From the mythic tales of ancient China to the spiritual practices of West Africa, and from the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs to the emblematic symbols of healing in Greece, the snake has woven itself into the fabric of human culture. Whether as a symbol of fertility, wisdom, healing, or mystery, the snake continues to inspire and intrigue. As 2025 marks the Chinese Year of the Snake, it is an opportune moment to explore the profound and multifaceted roles snakes play in the cultures and myths of civilisations worldwide.

Immersing Into a Rich Tradition

The Spring Festival is the largest and most important festival in China and among Chinese communities worldwide. Having experienced the festival for six years in China, I have developed a deep appreciation for its cultural, social, and economic significance. This celebration embodies essential themes such as family reunion, wishing for good fortune and well-being, social harmony, and preserving cultural heritage. In recognition of its importance, UNESCO added the Spring Festival to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in December 2024.

A Timeless Tradition

The Spring Festival, also known as Chinese New Year, is the most important celebration in China. It is a cherished occasion for families to reunite, share festive meals, and honour the memory of their ancestors. The Spring Festival holds profound cultural, social, and historical significance. For the Chinese people, the Spring Festival is a celebration of their rich cultural heritage.

A Global Gala

Each year, Lin Haiyan, president of the Chinatown Foundation in Mauritius, dedicates significant time and effort to organising the Spring Festival celebrations. During the Spring Festival season in February 2024, the Mauritius National Multi-Sport Complex was adorned with large red lanterns and Chinese knots, creating a vibrant setting for the festivities. The event featured captivating performances, including lion and dragon dances, parades showcasing traditional Chinese women’s clothing, or qipao, singing, and tai chi demonstrations, providing the perfect atmosphere to celebrate the Chinese New Year.

A Time to Rejoice

The Spring Festival is the most cherished occasion in China when people gather with their families to celebrate the traditional New Year. A “special gift” this year has given them an additional reason to celebrate. On 4 December 2024, the Spring Festival was inscribed onto the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.

Lured by Tradition

A prominent Chinese vlogger, Li Ziqi, whose birth name is Li Jiajia, has amassed a vast online following by reinterpreting traditions that date back thousands of years. Following a three-year absence from social media, she made a highly anticipated return with the release of three new videos in mid-November 2024. These videos represent the culmination of several months of behind-the-scenes work. This captivating return has transported her fans into a universe imbued with poetry and magic. Her return is not only a response to her fans’ expectations; it also symbolises a new impetus in her commitment to preserving and promoting traditional culture in the contemporary world.

Platforms for Prosperity

The internet is now powered by e-commerce and artificial intelligence (AI), giving rise to a profound and ongoing revolution in how we connect, communicate and consume. Throughout this transformation, online companies have ridden the waves of change, catalysing progress and driving economic growth while adapting and reinventing themselves in the process. Among them are platform companies, which create online marketplaces where buyers and sellers can meet to conduct transactions. As the future unfolds, what new vitality can platform companies bring to China’s economy?

Towards Greener Flying

At the 15th Airshow China, held in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, from 12 to 17 November 2024, China Southern Airlines, in collaboration with the Global Sustainable Transport Innovation and Knowledge Centre and Airbus, presented a report on the development of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF).

Kungfu Enters Schools

In a quiet training hall in Nairobi, the capital of Kenya, 8-year-old Amina Mwikali, a student at Githunguri Primary School, executes a perfect horse stance, her determination far outweighing her young age. A rising star in Kenya’s martial arts scene, Mwikali has earned recognition as one of the youngest practitioners to train for senior honours in kungfu.

Feeding the Children

In 2020, the African Union recognised school feeding as a strategy for sustainable development across the continent. Uganda has since worked to develop a national school feeding programme aligned with its Vision 2040 and National Development Plan. “We will continue to work together to overcome barriers to education by combining quality education with nutrition interventions,” said Uganda’s State Minister for Education and Sports Joyce Kaducu during a Chinese food-aid handover ceremony in Kampala.

Judicial Facility Upgrade

A shortage of courtrooms has long been a challenge in Malawi, especially since more judges were hired to help to streamline the country’s judicial process. Yet, while the current judiciary is headquartered in the country’s second-largest city of Blantyre, due to a lack of work space; some sections of the judiciary are located elsewhere, such as the juvenile, commercial and industrial courts. So, when the decision came to move the court headquarters to the capital city of Lilongwe, the issue of work space again came under the spotlight.

Remarks by Ambassador Wu Peng at the 2025 Happy Chinese New Year Reception

The Chinese New Year is the most important traditional festival of the Chinese nation. It embodies not only philosophies of peace, harmony and unity, but also shared values of humanity, such as family happiness, social inclusiveness, and the harmonious coexistence between mankind and nature.

Beauty Restored

Riding along Xiamen’s Xinglin Bay Marine Bicycle Lane feels like gliding between the sea and sky. This 2.6-km-long pathway, built above the sea, links two sides of the bay. Every weekend, the lane, situated along the coastline in Xiamen’s Jimei District, transforms into a hotspot for visitors. Among them is Theogene Habumugisha, a Rwandan living in Xiamen. “This is my favourite scenic spot in Xiamen. My friends and I often come here to ride. The scenery is delightful, the air is fresh, and it’s very comfortable,” he told ChinAfrica.

Preserving the Past

In recent years, China has placed increasing emphasis on the protection of cultural heritage. In July 2024, Beijing’s Central Axis was officially inscribed on the World Heritage List, and on 4 December 2024, the Spring Festival was added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. Public awareness of the importance of preserving historical sites and promoting the inheritance and celebration of Chinese civilisation has also grown significantly. On this occasion, ChinAfrica talked to Khaled Ahmed El-Enany, UN tourism ambassador for cultural tourism, former Egyptian minister of tourism and antiquities, and a candidate for the post of director general of UNESCO, to hear his insights on the exchange of human civilisations and the protection of historical heritage.

Nigeria Becomes the 9th BRICS Partner Country

Brazil Welcomes Nigeria’s Inclusion in BRICS. The Brazilian government, serving as the BRICS Chair in 2025, has officially announced Nigeria’s admission as a partner country of the BRICS group. Nigeria, Africa’s largest nation by population and a leading economy, is expected to bring significant influence to the partnership. Strengthening South-South Cooperation Nigeria's commitment to fostering South-South cooperation aligns with BRICS priorities under Brazil’s leadership. This development underscores the importance of deeper collaboration between emerging economies, as highlighted by Brazil's official government statements. The Partner-Country Category Introduced at the 16th BRICS Summit in Kazan, October 2024, the partner-country category has grown to include nine nations: Nigeria Belarus Bolivia Cuba Kazakhstan Malaysia Thailand Uganda Uzbekistan Recent Membership Update On 6 January 2025, Indonesia advanced to full BRICS membership, reflecting the group’s expanding global influence. For more details, visit the original article on TV BRICS. Photo Credit: iStock

Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s remarks and answers to media questions during a news conference on the performance of Russian diplomacy in 2024

A New Global Era: Lavrov’s Call for Multipolarity and Africa’s Rising Role Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov delivers a sweeping critique of the West’s “rules-based order,” spotlighting how emerging powers—especially in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa—are reshaping the post–World War II landscape. As Lavrov explains, nations in the “Global Majority” no longer accept dictates from a single center of power. Instead, they demand true sovereignty and balanced cooperation grounded in the UN Charter. His remarks also highlight the growing influence of BRICS and other partnerships that are redefining world affairs. Discover how Africa stands at the heart of this new multipolar reality—visit BRICS AFRICA CHANNEL for the full story.

Pursuing a Joint Aspiration

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi visited Namibia, the Republic of the Congo, Chad, and Nigeria from 5 to 11 January, continuing the tradition of a Chinese foreign minister choosing Africa for the first overseas trip of a year for the 35th consecutive year. This tradition reflects China’s consistent support for Africa. The visit further strengthened China-Africa friendship, deepened strategic trust, and injected new momentum into the development of their relationship in the new era.

Silencing the Guns

The world in 2024 was far from peaceful. The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has persisted for over 1,000 days. Meanwhile, a new wave of violence in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, ongoing for more than a year, spilled over into Lebanon, Iran, and even Syria. Africa also faced new challenges to peace and security over the past year. Armed conflicts continued in various regions, particularly in the Horn of Africa, while terrorism and external interference exacerbated regional instability. These challenges made peace and security a crucial focus for African nations and an increasingly important aspect of China-Africa cooperation.

The United States takes steps in the right direction, but the blockade remains in force.

Declaration of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cuba

Maintaining Positive Momentum

It’s that time of the year again when we find ourselves reflecting on the year that was and the year ahead. On the African continent, many countries are still recovering from the aftershocks of the COVID-19 pandemic and are doing so amid a fraught geopolitical environment. These tensions have, to some extent, created hurdles in the path of Africa’s recovery. The African Development Bank has attributed the economic slowdown on the continent to astronomical inflation caused by soaring food and energy prices. These issues have been aggravated by the current geopolitical chaos and climate change. Nevertheless, the continent is projected to grow at a steady rate of 4.3 percent in 2025. This means that Africa will retain its position as the fastest-growing region after Asia. This is driven by several positive factors.

Deepening Collaboration

Humming factories, bustling ports, and shuttling merchants highlight the vibrancy of China-Africa economic and trade cooperation. Over the years, this partnership has grown significantly, optimising trade structures and fostering mutual development. This deepening collaboration is evident in China’s role as Africa’s largest bilateral trading partner for 15 consecutive years.

Advancing Modernisation Through Exchanges

Civilisations are enriched through exchange and grow through mutual learning. The exchange between Chinese and African civilisations represents a crucial step towards realising the shared dream of modernisation and building an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era.

A Year to Remember

The year 2024 saw a further deepening of China-Africa relations, with a number of milestones.

African Development Bank Group, World Bank Group, African Union, and Tanzanian Government to host Africa Energy Summit

The African Development Bank Group, the World Bank Group, the African Union, and the Tanzanian government will host a landmark summit for African Heads of State and Government in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Making Debt Work for Africa

In the heart of Abuja's evolving financial district, an extraordinary gathering of Africa's leading policymakers, business magnates, and international development partners took place in mid-December. The Debt Management Forum for Africa (DeMFA), convened on December 16-17, 2024, may well be remembered as a watershed in the continent's ongoing struggle to tame the complexities of public debt. Under the auspices of the African Development Bank (AfDB), a key player in African economic development, and supported by a coalition of global and regional stakeholders, the event embodied a clear and urgent message: it is time for African countries, with the active engagement of their citizens, to reinvent their approach to public debt. The overarching aim? To transform debt from a chronic burden into a lever for robust, inclusive, and sustainable growth.

REMARKS BY PRESIDENT CYRIL RAMAPHOSA DURING THE SOUTH AFRICA-ANGOLA BUSINESS FORUM AT THE CSIR INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION CENTRE

It is my pleasure to address this inaugural South Africa-Angola Business Forum. It is heartening and encouraging to see such a broad representation of business from our two countries. This is in itself a solid demonstration of confidence. Confidence in the strength of the region’s two largest economies. Confidence in the potential that exists for deepening trade and investment ties. Confidence that the governments of both countries are taking the necessary steps to ensure that the business operating environment is improved so investments can be safe and secured.

Joint Efforts for Poverty Reduction

Poverty reduction cooperation has always been an important part of China-South Africa practical cooperation. Right now, we are working hard to help South Africa implement the Poverty Alleviation Model Village project. It is a practical way to implement the important consensus reached by our two Presidents,

Sustainable Pastoralism

Hulun Buir’s transformation into a model for sustainable grazing is the result of the successful implementation of the Science and Technology Backyards (STB) model. This model represents a collaborative effort between universities (research, education, service), the government (support, policy), and the local community (farmers, cooperatives). This tripartite partnership bridges the gap between knowledge and action, involving science-based recommendations, refining management tools, feedback, and continuous innovation.

Chinese-Funded Enterprises Strengthen Ties with South Africa through Corporate Social Responsibility

The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Report of Chinese-Funded Enterprises in South Africa was officially launched in a prestigious ceremony attended by Deputy President Shipokosa Paulus Mashatile, Ambassador Zodwa Lallie, and distinguished guests from various sectors. The report highlights the remarkable contributions of Chinese enterprises to South Africa's development and societal upliftment. Representing the Chinese Embassy in South Africa, Ambassador Wu Peng emphasized the dedication of Chinese enterprises to fulfilling their social responsibilities while fostering bilateral economic and trade cooperation. This second edition of the CSR report, compiled by the South Africa-China Economic and Trade Association (SACETA), showcases advancements since the initial release in 2018. Read Ambassador Wu Peng from The Peoples Republic of China to South Africa speech below.

South Africa-China Partnership Strengthened Through Corporate Social Responsibility Report Launch

Deputy President Shipokosa Paulus Mashatile celebrated the enduring partnership between South Africa and China during the launch of the Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) Report by the South Africa-China Economic and Trade Association (SACETA). Hosted in Morningside, Johannesburg, the event highlighted the substantial contributions of Chinese-funded enterprises to South Africa's economic and social development. Deputy President Mashatile emphasized the deep-rooted relationship between the two nations, established through decades of cooperation and elevated to a Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2010. He reflected on key milestones, including President Cyril Ramaphosa's recent State Visit to China, which upgraded bilateral relations to an All-Round Cooperative Strategic Partnership.

A Feat of Strength

The documentary film Rêve de kung-fu will soon be released in Chinese cinemas. This vivid creation traces the extraordinary journey of Taling Tene Rodrigue, a Cameroonian researcher, to master martial arts and use them to promote cultural exchanges between China and Africa. This journey is much more than just a personal experience. It builds a bridge between two cultures and shows how universal values such as discipline, respect and perseverance, which are inherent in martial arts, can transcend geographical and cultural boundaries.

A Clean Connection

By purchasing Green Electricity Certificates (GECs), the organisers of the seventh China International Import Expo (CIIE) have succeeded in making the once energy-intensive event more environmentally friendly. A few days before its opening in Shanghai at the beginning of November, the CIIE concluded a deal for 10,000 GECs with the Shanghai branch of China Huadian Corp., a company specialising in electricity, via the green power exchange in Beijing. This purchase enabled the CIIE to acquire 10 million kwh of green electricity (each GEC is equivalent to 1,000 kwh of renewable energy), enough to achieve carbon neutrality and reduce emissions by 4,200 tonnes.

South Africa Hosts the First G20 Sherpas Meeting: A Milestone for African Leadership

On December 9, 2025, South Africa officially welcomed delegates to the First G20 Sherpas Meeting at Investec in Sandton, Johannesburg. Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Mr. Ronald O. Lamola, delivered the opening remarks, emphasizing South Africa's pivotal role as the G20 President under the theme “Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability.” The meeting marks the first G20 event on African soil, symbolizing a significant moment for the continent’s integration into global economic discussions. Minister Lamola highlighted the importance of collaboration between public and private sectors, thanking Investec for hosting the event. South Africa aims to harness the G20 platform to address global challenges through the following priorities: Strengthening disaster resilience and response. Ensuring debt sustainability for low-income countries. Mobilizing finance for a just energy transition. Harnessing critical minerals for inclusive growth. Additionally, three Task Forces, an Initiative, and a Commission will focus on: Inclusive economic growth and reduced inequality. Food security. Artificial intelligence and innovation for sustainable development. South Africa also plans to launch a review titled “The G20 at 20 Years: A Reflection on Key Achievements and the Way Forward” and establish a Cost of Capital Commission. Commitment to Multilateralism The First Sherpas Meeting sets the tone for South Africa’s G20 Presidency, aiming to translate high-level commitments into actionable solutions. Minister Lamola expressed confidence in the Sherpas' ability to navigate critical discussions and deliver tangible results for the world’s largest economies and developing nations alike. This milestone underscores South Africa’s commitment to shaping an inclusive and sustainable global economic future.

Education Hand Up

Leaders, students and parents in Uganda have hailed China National Offshore Oil Corp. (CNOOC) Uganda Ltd. for its supporting role in the country’s education sector, including building schools, paying school fees and sponsoring activities to keep students in school. The oil giant recognised 218 top-performing students from oil-rich districts of Hoima and Kikuube on 12 September during the CNOOC Best Performers Awards Ceremony at its Kikuube District Headquarters.

Floats of Solidarity

Access to drinking water has significantly improved for the residents of Yaoundé, the capital of Cameroon, and the surrounding areas, thanks to the inauguration of the Drinking Water Supply Project for Yaoundé and Its Surroundings from the Sanaga River (PAEPYS) on 20 August. The project draws water from the Sanaga River and treats it at the Batchenga Plant, which is located around 65 km from Yaoundé. The inauguration ceremony, which was presided over by the Minister of Water and Energy Gaston Eloundou Essomba, was attended by several members of the Cameroonian government and personalities from various sectors. Among them were the Chinese Ambassador to Cameroon Wang Yingwu, Managing Director of Cameroon Water Utilities Corp. (CAMWATER) Blaise Moussa, as well as other officials. A large crowd from Batchenga also came to express their gratitude to China and all the financial and technical partners of the project.

Keeping the Catch

h as possible of the limited amount of fish that is auctioned at Kilwa District’s old harbour. The fish trade is big business, a sign that the local economy heavily relies on the fishing industry. Despite the daily struggle to line up at auctions for the catch of the day, local fish traders like Sheila Sijaona are buoyant.

Drought Crisis Relief

In the parched landscape of Mudzi District about 400 km from Zimbabwe’s capital Harare, the long-lasting drought has tightened its grip on long suffering villagers. The once lush fields lie barren, a reminder of the ravages of nature’s wrath. As the days turn into weeks without rain, families are facing a desperate struggle for survival. With the crops already failed and their livestock dwindling, many villagers are teetering on the brink of starvation.

PRESIDENT CYRIL RAMAPHOSA OPENING REMARKS

I warmly welcome you and your esteemed delegation to our country. As we gather here on the occasion of the 11th Session of the Bi-National Commission between our countries, we reaffirm our close bonds of friendship, solidarity and cooperation.

Fuelling a Green Transition

The 29th session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change recently concluded in Baku, Azerbaijan, witnessing two weeks of intense debates among delegates from world countries on how best to save the planet. The conference discussed topics such as climate finance, adaptation measures, and the strategies to support communities hardest hit by climate change.

From Desert to Lush Green Fields

As a master’s student at China Agricultural University, I had the privilege of observing the remarkable work being done at the Shiyanghe Experimental Station and witnessing firsthand the techniques and strategies that have turned a harsh desert environment into a productive agricultural oasis. My journey to the Shiyanghe River Basin in Gansu Province, China, was an eye-opening experience that illuminated the transformative power of agricultural innovation and water conservation in arid regions.

Small Abacus, Big Dream

The University of Rwanda hosted a mental math competition utilising an abacus in a lecture hall equipped with multimedia technology on 25 May. The teacher promptly presented the students with a lengthy mathematical formula comprising addition and subtraction. As the children listened, they made a few hand gestures and then promptly recorded their answers on the provided boards. This demonstration of rapid and precise calculation was met with a round of applause from the audience. The competition, which saw 262 students in attendance, was organised by the Shenmo School of Rwanda, led by Jean-Pierre Muhoza.

Friendship Through Football

Lin Yuexin, a student at Beijing No.12 High School, stands in front of a long roll of paper and looks closely at it. In the centre of the scroll are silhouettes of young Chinese and Africans playing football. In the background, cultural symbols of China, such as the Temple of Heaven and the Great Wall, stand alongside those of Africa, represented by the pyramids of Egypt and other emblematic images. On the left is an inscription in Chinese: “We are family,” symbolising the continued commitment and development of cultural exchanges between the two sides.

Sustaining the Digital Sphere

Digital avatars have become a standard feature on e-commerce platforms. As virtual hosts, they emulate human behaviour, broadcast live programmes without interruption, and present “Made in China” products to foreign consumers, thanks to their proficiency in multiple languages. The impressive efficiency of these digital avatars is made possible by the colossal computing power that enables them to perform their functions. “This year, the storage requirements of the digital avatars have increased significantly, by approximately 500 times compared to last year. The current local storage capacity is no longer sufficient. In order to reduce costs, we have selected a data centre in Qinghai Province, in west China, for the storage and processing of our data. This has resulted in savings of over 10 percent in overall costs,” stated Liu Yinglu, senior algorithm engineer at Beijing-based JD.com, in an interview with CCTV. The transfer of such large data volumes from Beijing to Qinghai’s zero-carbon data centre located in Haidong is achieved through the utilisation of low-latency fibre-optic networks. This enables the transmission of data at speeds of 100 gbps over a distance of 1,600 km in less than 15 milliseconds.

A Dream Road

In the view of Vertu Ikombo Otoka, life in the Republic of the Congo has transformed greatly since the completion of the No.1 National Highway. Born in Brazzaville, the country’s capital, he has witnessed firsthand the significant impact of this highway on the nation’s economic development, particularly in the rural regions it connects. “When I was young, it was hard to imagine there would be a road linking Brazzaville and Pointe-Noire, the country’s financial centre, due to the complex geographical conditions,” the 30-year-old engineer told ChinAfrica in fluent Chinese. Otoka’s connection with China began in 2014 when he went to study civil engineering at Chang’an University. There, he earned both his bachelor’s and master’s degrees while also mastering the Chinese language. The highway holds personal significance to Otoka. Upon graduation, he became a proud employee of China State Construction Engineering Corp. (CSCEC), working on the maintenance of the road that has changed countless lives in his country.

Holistic Healing

When Tom Dambudzo was bedridden due to ill health in his rural village, taking painkillers was the only option for him to relieve pain. “I couldn’t walk properly when I had severe backache for six months and my dependence on anaesthetic drugs was quite stressful,” Dambudzo told ChinAfrica. Dambudzo’s decision to relocate from his rural home on the outskirts of Bulawayo to Harare, Zimbabwe’s capital, in search of quality health care turned out to be a roll of the dice that would eventually pay off in spades. “I visited a local traditional Chinese medicine practitioner. He pricked me with small needles, which were removed after 30 minutes. After 10 days of treatment, I feel better now!” he said.

Recycling a Scarce Resource

Caleb Munyao, a 48-year-old middle-scale farmer from Kenya’s eastern region, understands the importance of water better than most. On his 13-hectare farm, where he grows maize, yellow beans, and mangoes, every drop of water is precious. Kenya, like many countries in Africa, faces significant challenges in managing its water resources. The country’s water scarcity issues are exacerbated by climate change, rapid urbanisation, and inconsistent rainfall patterns. However, amid these challenges, innovative solutions are emerging, driven by partnerships with international companies. Most notably, Chinese companies have been at the forefront of developing sewage treatment projects in Kenya, providing new avenues for water management and sustainability.

From Scarcity to Abundance

An agricultural revolution is taking place in the green fields of Uganda, and thousands of local farmers are cashing in. A South-South cooperation (SSC) project, a joint initiative aimed at boosting agricultural productivity and improving livelihoods, is in full swing. As part of the project, hundreds of Chinese agriculture experts are in Uganda upskilling local farmers with the intricacies of modern agriculture. The coordinator of the project in Uganda, Peter Muyimba, recently told ChinAfrica that there are 11,000 farmers in 32 districts around the country benefitting from the project, which was launched on 20 January 2023.

Stimulating Development

China’s top economic planner, the National Development and Reform Commission, recently unveiled a raft of measures to boost economic growth. At the same time, China’s central bank, top securities regulators and financial regulator also announced a raft of monetary stimuli, property market supports and capital market strengthening measures to be implemented in the near future to boost the country’s high-quality economic development. These policy measures include a reserve requirement ratio reduction for banks and a mortgage rate reduction for existing homes, as well as the introduction of new monetary programmes to boost the capital market. Chinese officials have expressed confidence that China would reach its 5-percent annual economic growth target. This has surprised observers like me, given the bleak and distressed picture some pundits and commentators had painted of China’s future economic growth prospects.

A Call to Conscience – South Africa Reaffirms Solidarity with Palestine

On November 25, 2024, at Freedom Park in Pretoria, South Africa's Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, HE Minister Ronald Lamola, delivered his remarks commemorating the 47th UN International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People. The event, attended by diplomatic dignitaries, UN representatives, and civil society leaders, emphasized South Africa’s steadfast support for Palestinian self-determination and justice. Minister Lamola reflected on historical parallels between South Africa’s anti-apartheid struggle and Palestine's ongoing fight for freedom. Citing the legacy of Nelson Mandela, he reaffirmed that South Africa’s liberation remains incomplete without the freedom of Palestinians. The Minister highlighted South Africa's actions at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to hold Israel accountable for alleged genocide and apartheid policies in the Occupied Palestinian Territories. MInister Lamola underscored the urgent need for a ceasefire in Gaza and called for international action to end Israel’s illegal occupation. He commended recent Palestinian unity talks in Beijing as a hopeful step toward peace and reconciliation, lauding the resilience of negotiators and stakeholders in advancing dialogue. With over 43,000 Palestinians killed and millions displaced due to ongoing hostilities, Lamola urged the global community to uphold human rights and humanitarian law. He emphasized that justice for Palestine is not an act of hostility but a moral imperative, echoing the call for mutual peace through a two-state solution. The speech served as a poignant reminder of South Africa's historical solidarity with Palestine and its commitment to advocating for justice, peace, and the restoration of Palestinian rights on the world stage.

Technology Guides the Way

Climate change is a pressing challenge that humanity faces at present. As a participant, contributor and trailblazer in global ecological conservation, China is committed to implementing multilateralism and fostering a fair system of global environmental governance. With abundant resources and a large population, Africa, the second-largest continent, faces significant challenges in addressing climate change and protecting the environment due to limited socio-economic development and technological infrastructure. With the Initiative for Belt and Road Partnership on Green Development, China’s ongoing efforts to promote climate technology cooperation not only support the green development of the Belt and Road countries, but also have great significance to international cooperation and development under new global conditions.

Sights on Sustainability

In the summer of 2024, many parts of the world experienced historic high temperatures, which shows that the impact and risks of climate change on the world are growing, especially for Africa. In recent years, climate-related disasters have become more frequent and severe, posing a great threat to the continent’s food security, energy security, ecological balance and socio-economic development. At the 28th United Nations Climate Change Conference in 2023, more than 100 countries signed the Global Declaration on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency. It noted that according to the International Energy Agency and the International Renewable Energy Agency forecasts, to limit global warming to 1.5 degree Celsius, the world will require three times more renewable energy capacity by 2030, and must double the global average annual rate of energy efficiency improvements from around 2 percent to over 4 percent every year until 2030.

The Climate Conundrum

The 29th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP29) is to be held from 11 to 22 November in Baku, Azerbaijan. The main goal of the conference is for countries to agree on a new climate finance target through which wealthy countries will pay to help poorer and climate-vulnerable nations to cope with climate change. On this occasion, ChinAfrica talked to Chukwumerije Okereke, director of the Centre for Climate Change and Development at the Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike in Nigeria and also a partner of Allied for Climate Transformation by 2025 (ACT2025), to seek his views on Africa’s and China’s efforts on combating climate change.

Small Steps, Big Impact

In light of the growing frequency of extreme weather events, the imperative for climate action has become more pressing. However, the issue of environmental protection continues to present a significant challenge in the context of public opinion. There remains a perception among many people that the climate is an issue that is solely the responsibility of governments and big businesses, which tends to diminish the importance of their own involvement.

Curbing the Climate Disruption

The Cameroonian economy is mainly based on the agricultural sector and is heavily dependent on the exports of cash crops such as cocoa, coffee, banana, cotton and sugarcane. This also applies to other countries in its geographical region, such as Chad and the Central African Republic, which derive a large part of their foreign exchange from the exports of livestock, cotton and tobacco. However, the productivity of these crops is currently threatened by a number of environmental factors, including abnormal temperatures and erratic rainfall, which affect both the Sahel region and the wetlands, where farmers struggle to achieve expected results.

The Power of the Sun

Access to electricity remains a major challenge in many parts of Africa. In remote villages, people still rely on candles or paraffin lamps for light after dark. Even in large cities that are connected to the grid, power cuts are common. Fortunately, Africa has a wealth of renewable energy resources, especially solar energy. Areas such as the south Sahara, where there is plenty of sunshine, offer immense potential for green power generation, particularly well suited to photovoltaic energy. In recent years, the photovoltaic sector on the continent has experienced spectacular growth and has become a pillar of Sino-African cooperation in the field of clean energy. This pragmatic partnership is based on Africa’s urgent need for electricity, its abundant natural resources and the technical expertise of Chinese companies. Today, in some African villages, daily life is changing: children are reading under electric lamps, households are cooking with electricity, and clinics are better equipped to treat patients with functional medical equipment. Photovoltaic energy projects not only improve living conditions, but also stimulate local socio-economic development.

Common Challenge, Collective Response

Climate change is a challenge faced by the entire world. Like any other part of the world, China and Africa are both victims of climate change, with Africa feeling even greater pain due to its relatively poor infrastructure and a predominantly agricultural economy. Africa is one of the regions in the world that are hit hardest by climate change. It has experienced widespread land desertification, frequent extreme weather events and a fragile ecological environment in the recent years. The continent’s need for green and low-carbon transformation is urgent. China, in recent years, has unswervingly pursued green and low carbon development and has accumulated rich experience, which makes it an ideal partner for Africa, and provides a solid foundation for cooperation with African countries and other developing countries in designing and implementing common responses to climate change.

A Call for Realigning Priorities

Nigeria still seems fixated on the Global North as the wind blows in the opposite direction. The largest foreign investors in Nigeria - the UK, the Netherlands, France and the US - have not changed style since the 1950s. Their investments are mainly elitist, essentially in oil and gas, and ammunition, and portfolio investments, which mainly profit them, not Nigeria. Over time, not much has changed, and little has been done to invest in areas that improve the everyday life of the people. The Dar es Salaam Consensus, an outcome of the 13th meeting of the China-Africa Think Tanks Forum held on 8 March in Tanzania, has generated positive ripples as attested to by a statement from the Institute of African Studies of the Zhejiang Normal University, the anchor of the forum. The statement reads, “This landmark agreement has garnered significant attention, with many Chinese and African scholars viewing it as the first international consensus proposed by the Global South rather than imposed by the Global North, which expressed the collective voice of the Global South.”

An Open Platform

The 16th BRICS Summit, which took place in Russia, Kazan, from 22 to 24 October, is significant for several reasons. It is the first meeting after the expansion of the BRICS grouping, involving several heads of state and over 20,000 participants from 33 countries. This summit underscores the role of the BRICS as a “non-Western” entity that is not inherently “anti-Western”, signalling a new era for the Global South to gain strength through solidarity while jointly promoting global peace and development. The group emphasises that it is "not a closed club" and has been committed to openness and inclusivity since its inception, reflecting its commitment to promoting cooperation between different nations.

An Inspiring Statement

The fourth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China contains a comprehensive record of the impressive practices of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with Xi Jinping at its core in responding to the changes and challenges unseen in a century, and rallying and leading the whole Party and the Chinese people towards the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. This volume is designed not only to help officials and the public to better understand and apply Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, but also to keep the international community abreast of the latest developments in President Xi’s thoughts, provide them with a better understanding of how the Chinese people have succeeded under the CPC leadership and how they will continue to succeed in the future, and explain the development path that China has chosen.

A Compelling Compendium

Given China’s massive importance in the contemporary world system, the governance of the country is of broad and universal interest. Chinese President Xi Jinping, who is also General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, has provided a fascinating collection of his spoken and written works, offering both domestic and international audiences the tool to navigate through the issues, thinking and practices that are central to the governance of modern China. The fourth volume of the work, following the tradition of the previous volumes, follows the trajectory of clarifying and elaborating the issues that have an impact on the governance of contemporary China and the world. While President Xi’s thinking is profuse and establishes him as an outstanding proletarian theoretician, the sheer breadth and depth of his work benefit from the expansive thought infrastructure of the Party accumulated from the spring of its wisdom and validated by the practice of seeking truth from facts. In the new era characterised by opportunities, challenges and even risks, the theoretical framework and outline of the “Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era,” the latest development in the Party’s theoretical innovation, offers the framework for exploring modernisation in its total ramifications. Against the background of the central role of President Xi in the modernisation and national rejuvenation, his written and spoken works captured in the fourth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China provide an unassailable gateway to understanding modern China.

For the People

China has taught the world that democracy is not one-dimensional and it can take various forms. Election is a common and important feature of the Western democracy, but it is characterised by weak governance due to short-term planning and lack of people-centred political stances. However, not all Western democracies have the same type of governance system: different countries adopt different models. China’s Constitution states that all power of the state belongs to the people. The National People’s Congress (NPC) and local people’s congresses at all levels are the organs through which the people exercise state power. The people’s congresses at all levels are constituted through democratic elections, and they are responsible to the people. The executive and judicial organs of the state are created by the people’s congresses, to which they are responsible to. In addition to legislative functions, the NPC has the power to amend the Constitution, supervise the enforcement of laws, and approve economic plans and budgets. In short, the functioning of the people’s congress system refutes the notion that China does not provide a platform for people to elect their representatives.

"Measuring the Green Wealth of Nations: Natural Capital and Economic Productivity in Africa" by Dr. Akinwumi Adesina

Unlocking Africa’s True Wealth – A Green GDP Revolution At the COP 29 High-Level Event, Dr. Akinwumi Adesina, President of the African Development Bank, delivered a landmark speech, "Measuring the Green Wealth of Nations: Natural Capital and Economic Productivity in Africa." Dr. Adesina unveiled a transformative vision for Africa, urging the global community to recalibrate how the continent's wealth is measured by incorporating its vast natural capital into GDP valuations. This approach, termed Green GDP, could redefine Africa’s economic narrative and unlock unprecedented financial flows for sustainable development.

PHILLIPI OUTREACH PROGRAM by Deputy Minister of Human Settlements Speech, Ms Tandi Mahambehlala

Gift of the Givers, Total Energies, Deputy Directors-General of the Department of Human Settlements, government officials,and—most importantly—our guests of honor, Abahlali—Molweni!Ladies and gentlemen, friends, and fellow South Africans,Today, we come together to witness the power of collaboration between government, the private sector, and non-profit organizations. Through this partnership, we are delivering social relief to over 500 beneficiaries across Cape Town's communities, including Philippi (Wards 33, 34, 35, 80, and 88), Strand (Lwandle and Nomzamo), and Gugulethu (Ward 40).

Rosatom's fuel division TVEL and South Africa's AllWeld Nuclear and Industrial have agreed to cooperate in the nuclear backend area.

The memorandum outlines a framework forcooperation and the implementation of joint initiatives in the areas of decommissioning and radioactive waste management (RWM) at nuclear facilities in South Africa.

DR KGOSIENTSHO RAMOKGOPA MINISTER OF ENERGY AND ELECTRICITY | REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA KEYNOTE ADDRESS TO THE AFRICA ENERGY WEEK “Invest in African Energies: Energy Growth through an Enabling Environment”

Honourable Delegates, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,This morning, I am most obliged to invoke the glorious counsel of Africa’s great luminary, Kwame Nkrumah, in his assertion that as a Continent, “We face neither East nor West; we face forward."Certainly, today, Africa’s path forward lies in seizing control of our energy destiny. Our continent’s vast resources, rich potential, and resilience make us capable not just of fuelling our homes and industries but of powering a new African century. But this will require unity of purpose, a commitment to innovation, and a collective resolve to harness Africa’s energy to serve African needs.

Draft remarks by Madam Nguyen Thi Tuyen, Permanent Deputy Secretary of the Ha Noi Party Committee at the "Conference on the Investment, Trade, and Tourism Promotion between Viet Nam – South Africa 2024 "

H.E.Hoàng Sỹ Cường - Ambassador of Viet Nam to South Africa,Mr. Mtho Xulu, President of the South African Chamber of Commerce and Industry,Distinguished guests,Today, I am truly delighted to attend the"Conference on the Investment, Trade, and Tourism Promotion between Viet Nam – South Africa 2024 " under the theme “Ha Noi: A Destination of Opportunities and Potential for Cooperation.” On behalf of the leadership of Ha Noi, I would like to extend my warmest greetings and best wishes to all distinguished guests present here today.Distinguished guests,On November 22, 1993, Viet Nam and South Africa formally established diplomatic relations. Despite geographical separation, the two countries, anchored by close historical bonds, have nurtured a profound and traditional friendship over the past three decades, yielding substantial and ever-more effective cooperation across multiple domains. Viet Nam holds this relationship in high regard, recognizing South Africa as a primary partner within Africa. Bilateral ties have flourished,especially in the realms of economy, trade, and technology. Today, South Africa stands as Viet Nam's largest trade partner and export market on the continent,with an average annual trade turnover of USD 1.2 billion in recent years. Both countries envision broader collaboration opportunities spanning trade, tourism,cultural exchange, arts, and education.

SPEECH BY H.E. AMBASSADOR HOANG SY CUONGAT THE VIETNAM –SOUTH AFRICA INVESTMENT, TRADE AND TOURISM PROMOTION 2024

Ladies and Gentlemen,I have a great honour to welcome you all to the Vietnam - South Africa Investment, Trade, and Tourism Promotion 2024, with the theme “Hanoi Destination: Opportunities and Potentials for Cooperation”, co-organized by the Embassy of Vietnam in South Africa, the Government of Hanoi – the Capital City of Vietnam, and the South African Chamber of Commerce and Industry. I am deeply grateful for your presence and for the time to join us. And a special thank-you goes to SACCI for your support and cooperation.Ladies and Gentlemen,The diplomatic relations between Vietnam and South Africa were established 31 years ago, but our bond can be stretched back further since the middle of the last century during our respective struggles. This relations is characterised by mutual trust and respect,cooperation, and sharing. Vietnam and South Africa has now been each other’s leading partners in our regions respectively. South Africa is Vietnam’s largest trade partner in this continent, with annual turnover of around 1.2 billion USD over the past five years or so, even during the Covid pandemic. In just the first 9 months of this year, statistics indicate that the number has reached more than 1.4 billion USD, surpassing the existing record of our yearly trade exchange.

African Energy Week 2024 to bring together African and global energy officials Text copied from https://tvbrics.com/en/news/african-energy-week-2024-to-bring-together-african-and-global-energy-officials/

The African Energy Week 2024 has officially launched its five-day programme, which will take place from 4 to 8 November 2024. The programme, set to be the ultimate gathering for Africa’s energy sector, will feature seven stages, five content stages, two technical hubs, and a full day of pre-event workshops, providing a platform for industry leaders and stakeholders.

SPEECH BY THE HON NONCEBA MHLAULI, MP, DEPUTY MINISTER IN THE PRESIDENCY ON THE OCCASION OF THE UNDP OSF ROUND TABLE PRETORIA

Deputy Minister Nonceba Mhlauli delivered a speech at the UNDP OSF Round Table on October 28, 2024, in Pretoria, underscoring South Africa's commitment to a Just Energy Transition (JET) aimed at sustainable, inclusive growth. President Ramaphosa recently emphasized that low-carbon, climate-resilient development is central to South Africa's economic priorities. The government's JET Investment and Implementation Plans (2023-2027) reflect this focus, as does the Presidential Climate Commission's strategy for renewable energy expansion, targeting 50-60GW over the next decade. Mhlauli highlighted South Africa's unwavering dedication to climate goals enshrined in the Paris Agreement and its emissions targets outlined in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC). The newly signed Climate Change Act plays a pivotal role in this dedication, mandating the alignment of all government policies with emissions reduction goals, introducing carbon budgets for major emitters and sectoral emissions targets. This Act represents the country's legal commitment to climate mitigation, while also prioritizing the reduction of poverty, inequality, and unemployment. Achieving JET goals requires an estimated $98 billion investment across renewable energy, new energy vehicles, and green hydrogen sectors. The government addresses critical skills gaps through a dedicated JET Skills Desk and Skills Development Zones focused on emerging industries to support this transition, especially in Mpumalanga. However, the success of this transition is not solely in the hands of the government. Collaboration across government, the private sector, educational institutions, and communities will be vital. We all have a role to play in this transformative journey. In closing, Mhlauli emphasized that the Just Energy Transition offers not only environmental benefits but also significant economic growth, job creation, and enhanced energy security for all South Africans. This transition is not just about reducing our carbon footprint, but also about creating new opportunities and a more prosperous future for our nation. Through this transition, South Africa aims to become a leader in renewable energy, fostering a resilient and sustainable future.

A Compelling Compendium

Given China’s massive importance in the contemporary world system, the governance of the country is of broad and universal interest. Chinese President Xi Jinping, who is also General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, has provided a fascinating collection of his spoken and written works, offering both domestic and international audiences the tool to navigate through the issues, thinking and practices that are central to the governance of modern China. The fourth volume of the work, following the tradition of the previous volumes, follows the trajectory of clarifying and elaborating the issues that have an impact on the governance of contemporary China and the world.

Consensus for Collaboration

The 13th Meeting of the China-Africa Think Tanks Forum held in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, on 8 March jointly released the Africa-China Dar es Salaam Consensus aimed at deepening global development cooperation. The consensus contains significant guidance and principles for human development. The consensus emphasises the critical importance of prioritising development and adopting a collaborative approach to achieving it. It asserts that development goals must be at the forefront of all decision-making processes and actions. By doing so, we can significantly improve the economic, social, and political well-being of people. Development is not merely about economic growth but encompasses an improvement in living standards. It is through the implementation of specific projects and policies that directly benefit the population that real progress can be made. Prioritising development ensures that decisions and policies are aimed at advancement, advocating for the common values of peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, and freedom for all humanity. This approach guarantees that the growth we seek leads to better living standards and a more just society.

Efficacious Approach

Among the various remarkable events during the 2024 Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, where leaders from China and 53 African countries discussed ways to deepen cooperation, was the signing of an agreement by China, Tanzania and Zambia to revitalise the Tanzania-Zambia Railway, a landmark project of China-Africa cooperation. Over 50,000 Chinese engineers had gone to Africa to work on its construction, 69 of whom sacrificed their lives for it. “This is the way for us not only to pay tribute to our forefathers, but also to show our commitment to re-energise this railway of friendship in the new era,” said Wang Yi, member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and minister of foreign affairs. Wang made the remark on 5 September at a press conference with Foreign Minister Yassine Fall of Senegal, the outgoing African co-chair of FOCAC, and Foreign Minister Jean-Claude Gakosso of the Republic of the Congo, the incoming African co-chair. Together, they took questions from Chinese and foreign journalists, offering a chance for the world to understand the event and its implications.

A Transformative Resolve

This year marks the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the epublic of the Congo. The rock-solid friendship between the two countries is rooted in a high degree of olitical mutual trust and the firm support for each other. he epublic of he Congo will serve as the African co-chair of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) from 2024 to 2027, and will host the 10th FOCAC Ministerial Conference in 2027. President of the Republic of the Congo Denis Sassou Nguesso was in Beijing to attend the 2024 FOCAC Summit held on 4-6 September, and pay a state visit to China. In an interview with Chinese media including ChinAfrica, he shared his views on FOCAC and China-Africa relations. Edited excerpts of his remarks follow:

A Summit of Sizeable Significance

China and Kenya have a time-honoured friendship and have jointly completed a number of flagship projects n connectivity, significantly contributing to regional economic and social development. Kenya stands out as a success story in China’s partnership with Africa. Kenyan President William Ruto led a delegation to China to attend the 2024 Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) held in Beijing early September. ChinAfrica had the pleasure to speak to a distinguished member of the President Ruto’s delegation, Musalia Mudavadi, prime cabinet secretary and cabinet secretary for foreign and diaspora affairs of Kenya, to hear his opinions about the significance of FOCAC and China-Kenya relations.

Embracing a Broader View and Cutting Through the Fog of Challenges to Advance High-Quality Development of Greater BRICS Cooperation

Your Excellency President Vladimir Putin,Colleagues,First of all, I wish to extend my warm congratulations on the successful opening of this summit. I also wish to thank President Putin and our host Russia for the thoughtful arrangements and warm hospitality.I would like to take this opportunity to once again welcome new members to our BRICS family. The enlargement of BRICS is a major milestone in its history, and a landmark event in the evolution of the international situation. At this summit, we have decided to invite many countries to become partner countries, which is another major progress in the development of BRICS. As we Chinese often say, “A man of virtue regards righteousness as the greatest interest.” It is for our shared pursuit and for the overarching trend of peace and development that we BRICS countries have come together. We must make full use of this summit, maintain the momentum of BRICS, and consider and devise our strategy to address issues that have a global impact, determine our future direction, and possess strategic significance. We must build on this milestone summit to set off anew and forge ahead with one heart and one mind.

STATEMENT BY PRESIDENT RAMAPHOSA DURING BRICS SUMMIT OPEN PLENARY

Your Excellency, President Vladimir Putin,Excellencies, fellow BRICS LeadersYour Excellency, Ms Dilma Rousseff, President of the New Development Bank,Chair of the BRICS Business Council, Mr Sergey Katyrin,Chair of the BRICS Women's Business Alliance, Ms Anna Nesterova,Chair of the BRICS Interbank Cooperation Mechanism, Mr Igor Shuvalov,Honourable Ministers,Excellencies,Ladies and Gentlemen,Allow me to begin by thanking President Putin and the people of Russia for hosting the 16th BRICS Summit in this beautiful city of Kazan.It is fitting that we hold the BRICS Summit in a city so rich in heritage and culture as we embrace this new chapter in BRICS as an expanded family of countries equally rich in history, culture and capability. Our story is a story of solidarity, mutual respect and mutual benefit.

Engines of Advancement

Chinese investment contributes to the industrialisation of Africa. According to the Chinese Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM), China’s stock of direct investment in Africa exceeded $40 billion by the end of 2023, making it one of the most important sources of foreign investment in Africa. Over the past three years, Chinese companies have created more than 1.1 million local jobs. The industrial parks they have invested in, such as Lekki in Nigeria and TEDA Suez in Egypt, cover agriculture, processing and manufacturing, and trade logistics, among other areas. These zones have attracted more than 1,000 companies, contributing significantly to local tax revenues and foreign exchange earnings through exports. According to the CABC report, infrastructure is a key enabler of industrialisation. A study by the International Finance Corp. estimates that Sub-Saharan Africa needs to invest around 7.1 percent of its GDP in infrastructure each year to meet its sustainable development goals, while the actual level of investment in 2023 was just 3.5 percent. Against this backdrop, infrastructure investment has become an important issue for China-Africa industrial cooperation. According to MOFCOM, the scale of cooperation in this area exceeds $37 billion per year, contributing to Africa’s industrialisation and economic diversification.

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